<item><hi format=bold>Birth rate:</hi> 45.48 births/1,000 population (1994 est.)
<item><hi format=bold>Death rate:</hi> 19.42 deaths/1,000 population (1994 est.)
<item><hi format=bold>Net migration rate:</hi> -1.03 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1994 est.)
<item><hi format=bold>Infant mortality rate:</hi> 109.7 deaths/1,000 live births (1994 est.)
<item><hi format=bold>Life expectancy at birth:</hi>
<list style=hang>
<item>• <hi format=ital>total population:</hi> 43.25 years
<item>• <hi format=ital>male:</hi> 41.52 years
<item>• <hi format=ital>female:</hi> 45.03 years (1994 est.)
</list>
<item><hi format=bold>Total fertility rate:</hi> 6.2 children born/woman (1994 est.)
<item><hi format=bold>Nationality:</hi>
<list style=hang>
<item>• <hi format=ital>noun:</hi> Tanzanian(s)
<item>• <hi format=ital>adjective:</hi> Tanzanian
</list>
<item><hi format=bold>Ethnic divisions:</hi>
<list style=hang>
<item>• <hi format=ital>mainland:</hi> native African 99% (consisting of well over 100 tribes) Asian, European, and Arab 1%
</list>
<item><hi format=bold>Zanzibar:</hi> NA
<item><hi format=bold>Religions:</hi>
<list style=hang>
<item>• <hi format=ital>mainland:</hi> Christian 45%, Muslim 35%, indigenous beliefs 20%
</list>
<item><hi format=bold>Zanzibar:</hi> Muslim 99% plus
<item><hi format=bold>Languages:</hi> Swahili (official; widely understood and generally used for communication between ethnic groups and is used in primary education), English (official; primary language of commerce, administration, and higher education)
<list style=hang>
<item>• <hi format=ital>note:</hi> first language of most people is one of the local languages
</list>
<item><hi format=bold>Literacy:</hi> age 15 and over can read and write (1978)